S/RES/2167 (2014)
Distr.: General 28 July 2014
Resolution 2167 (2014)
Adopted by the Security Council at its 7228th meeting, on 28 July 2014
The Security Council,
Recalling Chapter VIII of the Charter of the United Nations,
Recalling all its previous relevant resolutions, including resolution 2033 (2012) on the cooperation with regional and subregional organizations in matters relating to the maintenance of peace and security, and statements by its President underscoring the importance of developing effective partnerships between the United Nations and regional organizations, in particular the African Union (AU), in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the relevant statutes of regional and subregional organizations,
Recalling its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, and recognizing that cooperation with regional and subregional organizations in matters relating to the maintenance of peace and security, and consistent with Chapter VIII of the Charter of the United Nations, can improve collective security,
Reaffirming its commitment to uphold the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, including its commitment and respect to the principles of political independence, sovereign equality and territorial integrity of all States in conducting all peacekeeping activities and the need for States to comply with their obligations under international law,
Resolving to strengthen the central role of the United Nations in peacekeeping and to ensure the effective functioning of the collective security system established by the Charter of the United Nations, and welcoming the 11 June 2014 announcement of the Secretary-General of a comprehensive review of United Nations peacekeeping activities,
Reaffirming that respect for the basic principles of peacekeeping, including consent of the parties, impartiality, and non-use of force, except in self-defence and defence of the mandate, is essential to the success of peacekeeping operations,
Recognizing that regional organizations are well positioned to understand the root causes of armed conflicts owing to their knowledge of the region, which can be a benefit for their efforts to influence the prevention or resolution of these conflicts, and acknowledging the efforts made by the African Union to review the scope of the African Standby Force (ASF), consistent with the recommendations of the 2013 independent Panel of Experts,
Recognizing the role that regional and subregional organizations can play in the protection of civilians, and in particular women and children affected by armed conflict, as well as in the prevention of and response to sexual and gender-based violence in armed conflicts and post-conflict situations and supports the critical role that women play in all peace and security efforts, including those to prevent and resolve conflict and mitigate its impact,
Recognizing the valuable contribution of relevant regional and subregional organizations and arrangements for the protection of children affected by armed conflict and commending the declaration signed on 17 September 2013 between the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict and the Peace and Security Department of the African Union Commission, in order to mainstream protection mechanisms in all peace and security activities of the African Union, in close partnership with UNICEF, as well as the European Union (EU) Guidelines on Children and Armed Conflict, including its Checklist for the integration of the protection of children affected by armed conflict into EU Common Security and Defence Policy operations,
Recognizing the role that regional and subregional organizations can play in post-conflict peacebuilding including security sector reform (SSR) and disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR), rule of law, recovery, reconstruction and development processes, and reaffirming the importance of interaction and cooperation between the Peacebuilding Commission and regional and subregional organizations and arrangements,
Stressing the utility of developing effective partnerships between the United Nations and regional and subregional organizations, in order to enable early responses to disputes and emerging crises and to strengthen the role of the United Nations in the prevention of conflict, and stressing that the coordination of efforts at the regional level may be necessary for the development of a comprehensive strategy to ensure effective peacekeeping activities to address threats, to international peace and security,
Underlining the usefulness of sharing the experience of countries which have gone through conflict and post-conflict situations and comparable transitions, and emphasizes the importance of effective regional, South-South and triangular cooperation,
Welcoming the continuing efforts and enhanced peacekeeping role of regional and subregional organizations, consistent with the Charter of the United Nations and Security Council resolutions and decisions, including in preparing the ground for United Nations peacekeeping operations and calling upon regional and subregional organizations to promote coherence and coordination of their peacekeeping efforts with those of the peacekeeping operations and special political missions, as well as with the wider United Nations presence on the ground,
Welcoming the initiatives already taken by regional or subregional organizations in the maintenance of international peace and security including the African Union, the European Union, the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the Eastern African Community (EAC), the Organization of American States (OAS), the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR), the Community of Latin America and Caribbean States (CELAC), the Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), the League of Arab States (LAS), the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the Arab Maghreb Union (UMA),
Welcoming the United Nations partnership with the African Union in the field of peacekeeping, including by supporting the African Union’s efforts to develop policy, guidance and training in particular in the areas of security sector reform, post-conflict reconstruction, women, peace and security and the protection of civilians including child protection and the prevention of and response to sexual and gender-based violence in armed conflicts and post-conflict situations, thereby welcoming the Framework of Cooperation between the Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict and the African Union signed on 31 January 2014 and calling for its implementation,
Recalling in this regard its commitment to regularly assess, in consultation with relevant stakeholders, the strength, mandate, and composition of peacekeeping operations with a view to making the necessary adjustments where appropriate, according to progress achieved or changing circumstances on the ground including in security, thereby allowing, on a case-by-case basis, reconfiguration, transition or withdrawal,
Emphasizing that United Nations peacekeeping activities should be conducted in a manner so as to facilitate post-conflict peacebuilding, prevention of relapse into armed conflict and progress towards sustainable peace and development, and recognizing that the mandate of each peacekeeping mission is specific to the needs and situation of the country concerned,
Recognizing that one major constraint facing some regional organizations, in particular the African Union, in effectively carrying out the mandate of maintaining regional peace and security is securing predictable, sustainable and flexible resources,
Recalling its resolution 1809 (2008), which welcomed the Secretary-General’s proposal to establish a joint African Union-United Nations panel to consider options for supporting regional organizations when they undertake peacekeeping operations pursuant to a Security Council mandate; and welcoming the steps taken by the Chairperson of the African Union Commission to generate resources from within African Union Member States in support of peace support operations,
Political
1. Underlines the importance of partnership and cooperation with relevant regional and subregional organizations and arrangements, in accordance with Chapter VIII of the Charter of the United Nations, in supporting peacekeeping operations, including on issues relating to the protection of civilians, taking into account the respective mandates of peacekeeping operations, and peacebuilding activities as well as forging greater regional and national ownership, and furthermore, reiterates that the growing contribution made by regional and subregional organizations can usefully complement the work of the United Nations in maintaining international peace and security, and stresses in this regard that such contribution must be made in accordance with Chapter VIII of the Charter of the United Nations, including the need for regional and subregional organizations at all times to keep the Security Council fully informed of activities undertaken or in contemplation for the maintenance of international peace and security;
2. Expresses its determination to take effective steps to further enhance the relationship between the United Nations and regional and subregional organizations, in particular the African Union, in accordance with Chapter VIII of the Charter of the United Nations;
3. Encourages the continuing involvement of regional and subregional organizations in the peaceful settlement of disputes, including through conflict prevention, confidence-building and mediation efforts;
4. Welcomes and further encourages the ongoing efforts of the African Union and the subregional organizations to strengthen their peacekeeping capacity and to undertake peacekeeping operations on the continent, in accordance with Chapter VIII of the Charter of the United Nations, and to coordinate, with the United Nations, through the Peace and Security Council, as well as ongoing efforts to develop a continental early warning system, response capacity such as the African Standby Force (ASF) and enhanced mediation capacity, including through the Panel of the Wise;
5. Welcomes in that regard the recent steps taken by the EAC to activate its standby arrangements and generate the required contribution in the context of the ASF;
6. Underscores the need to strengthen the role of both United Nations and regional organizations’ headquarters in providing strategic guidance and support to the missions’ command and control structures to ensure that operations are managed effectively;
7. Welcomes recent developments regarding cooperation between the United Nations, the African Union (AU) and the European Union (EU), including the contribution of the European Union to the enhancement of African Union capacities; and further encourages regional and subregional organizations to strengthen and increase cooperation among them including efforts to enhance their respective capacities, in the maintenance of international peace and security;
8. Recognizes the need to further strengthen cooperation and consultations with troop- and police-contributing countries, including through triangular cooperation between the Security Council, the troop- and police-contributing countries and the Secretariat, and encourages active participation of all stakeholders in open and more frequent consultation processes with a view to enhance the efficiency of the implementation of the mandates;
9. Encourages the Peacebuilding Commission to continue to work in close consultation with regional and subregional organizations and arrangements, with a view to ensuring more consistent and integrated strategies for post-conflict peacebuilding and recovery;
10. Encourages pertinent regional and subregional organizations and arrangements to help address the widespread impact of armed conflict on children, invites them to continue the mainstreaming of child protection into their advocacy, policies, programmes and mission planning, the development and expansion of guidelines to protect children affected by armed conflict as well as the training of personnel and the inclusion of child protection staff in their peacekeeping and field operations, and reiterates its call for the establishment of child protection mechanisms within their secretariats, including through the appointment of child protection focal points;
Operational
11. Reaffirms its intention to consider further steps to promote closer and more operational cooperation between the United Nations and regional and subregional organizations in the fields of early warning, conflict prevention, peacekeeping and peacebuilding, and of ensuring coherence, synergy and collective effectiveness of their efforts; and in this regard, welcomes the already existing strong cooperation initiatives between the United Nations, the African Union and the European Union;
12. Stresses the importance for the United Nations of developing regional and subregional organizations’ ability to deploy peacekeeping forces rapidly in support of United Nations peacekeeping operations or other Security Council-mandated operations, and welcomes relevant initiatives taken in this regard;
13. Requests in that context the Secretary-General to initiate in full and close cooperation with the African Union a lessons learned exercise on the transitions from the African Union peace operations to United Nations peacekeeping operations in Mali and the Central African Republic and to produce specific recommendations that could be used for possible future transitional arrangements not later than 31 December 2014;
14. Encourages the United Nations and regional organizations, especially the African Union to take concrete steps to strengthen their relationships and develop a more effective partnership when addressing issues of mutual interest and underscores the need to enhance the United Nations and regional organizations’ predeployment joint planning and joint mission assessment processes to increase effectiveness of peacekeeping mission;
15. Stresses the need for the United Nations and the African Union to work to ensure that women and gender perspectives are fully integrated into all peace and security efforts undertaken by the two organizations, including by building the necessary capacity, encourages regional and subregional organizations to include gender expertise in peacekeeping and field operations, as appropriate, and increase female leadership in regional and subregional peacekeeping efforts;
16. Encourages the Secretary-General and regional and subregional organizations and arrangements to enhance information-sharing on their respective capabilities and lessons learned in maintaining international peace and security and to continue to compile best practices, in particular in the field of mediation, good offices and peacekeeping and also encourages strengthening of cooperation and dialogue among regional and subregional organizations in this regard;
17. Recognizes the inclusive consultative processes undertaken by the Police Division in the development of the Strategic Guidance Framework for International Police Peacekeeping, and encourages closer coordination and cooperation on policing issues between the United Nations Secretariat and international, regional and subregional organizations, including through training, the sharing and exchange of knowledge, thematic expertise and operational support as appropriate;
18. Encourages the increased engagement of the African Union Peacekeeping Support Team within the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and the United Nations Office to the African Union (UNOAU) as coordinating structures, aimed at providing necessary expertise and transfer of technical knowledge to enhance the capacity of the African Union’s Peace Support Operations Division including in mission planning and management, as well as the deployment of the Department of Political Affairs’ staff to work with the African Union on the effective operationalization of the Panel of the Wise and other mediation programmes;
19. Calls on the Secretary-General to coordinate with and support the African Union Commission in its development of a list of needed capacities and recommendations on ways the African Union can further develop its military, police, technical, logistic and administrative capabilities, welcomes the practice of staff exchanges, especially between the UN and AU and encourages its continuity particularly the staff in the financial and logistical areas, and further encourages the African Union to identify its priorities in personnel training, particularly in those areas dealing with financial, logistic and administrative matters;
20. Invites regional and subregional organizations to accelerate the establishment of Standby Arrangements System for conflict prevention and peacekeeping, welcomes in that regard the commitment made by the African leaders at the Malabo Summit of 26-27 June 2014 and steps taken by the African Union Commission to operationalize the African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crisis (ACIRC), and encourages the AU Member States to generate substantive pledges to this initiative, and further encourages the African Union Commission to harmonize this concept with the ASF;
Financial
21. Reaffirms its previous resolutions and statements by its President regarding the Prodi Report, including S/PRST/2010/21, S/PRST/2009/26, and S/PRST/2013/12 as well as resolutions 1809 (2008), 2033 (2012) and 2086 (2013);
22. Reiterates that regional organizations have the responsibility to secure human, financial logistical and other resources for their organizations, including through contributions by their members and support from partners and welcomes the valuable financial support provided from partners in this regard;
23. Stresses the need to enhance the predictability, sustainability and flexibility of financing regional organizations when they undertake peacekeeping under a Security Council mandate, and recognizes the benefit of joint planning missions and assessment visits in determining the needs of regional peace support operations;
24. Reiterates its resolve to give peacekeeping operations clear, credible and achievable mandates matched by appropriate resources;
25. Urges Member States and relevant international organizations to contribute to strengthening the capacity of regional and subregional organizations, in particular of African regional and subregional organizations, in conflict prevention and crisis management, and in post-conflict stabilization, including through the provision of human, technical and financial assistance;
26. Welcomes in this regard the support provided by the European Union through the African Peace Facility, in particular the support provided to AMISOM and MISCA;
27. Further welcomes the extensive support by bilateral partners of the African Union for the deployment of African-led operations and encourages them to pursue these efforts;
28. Requests the Secretary-General, in close consultation with the AU Commission and EU to produce, not later than 31 March 2015, an assessment report and recommendations on the progress of the partnerships between the UN and relevant regional organizations in peacekeeping operations;
29. Decides to remain seized of the matter.
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