S/RES/2086 (2013)
Security Council Distr.: General
21 January 2013
13-21160 (E)
*1321160*
Resolution 2086 (2013)
Adopted by the Security Council at its 6903rd meeting, on
21 January 2013
The Security Council,
Reaffirming its primary responsibility under the Charter of the United Nations
for the maintenance of international peace and security and its readiness to strive for
sustainable peace in all situations under its consideration,
Reaffirming its commitment to uphold the purposes and principles of the
Charter of the United Nations, including its commitment and respect to the
principles of political independence, sovereign equality and territorial integrity of
all States in conducting all peacekeeping and peacebuilding activities and the need
for States to comply with their obligations under international law,
Commending the critical role of United Nations peacekeeping operations in the
maintenance of international peace and security, preventing and containing
conflicts, promoting compliance with international norms and Security Council
decisions and building peace in post-conflict situations,
Resolving to strengthen the central role of the United Nations in peacekeeping
and to ensure the effective functioning of the collective security system established
by the Charter of the United Nations,
Noting that peacekeeping ranges from traditional peacekeeping missions,
which primarily monitor ceasefire to complex multidimensional operations, which
seek to undertake peacebuilding tasks and address root causes of conflict,
Reaffirming that respect for the basic principles of peacekeeping, including
consent of the parties, impartiality, and non-use of force, except in self-defence and
defence of the mandate, is essential to the success of peacekeeping Operations,
Reiterating the commitment to enhance the effectiveness of the United Nations
in addressing conflict at all stages from prevention to settlement to post-conflict
peacebuilding,
Encouraging further progress on a comprehensive, coherent and integrated
approach to the maintenance of international peace and security by preventing
conflicts, preventing relapse and building sustainable peace through effective
preventive diplomacy, peacemaking, peacekeeping and peacebuilding strategies,
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Recalling in this regard its commitment regularly to assess, in consultation
with relevant stakeholders, the strength, mandate, and composition of peacekeeping
operations with a view to making the necessary adjustments where appropriate,
according to progress achieved or changing circumstances on the ground including
in security, thereby allowing, on a case by case basis, reconfiguration, transition or
withdrawal,
Reaffirming the primary responsibility of national authorities in identifying
their priorities and strategies for post-conflict peacebuilding, and in this regard,
reiterating that national ownership, responsibility and political will as well as
concerted efforts of national governments, and the international community, are
critical in building sustainable peace,
Emphasizing the vital role of the United Nations, in consultations with
international partners, to support national authorities in consolidating peace and in
developing strategies for peacebuilding priorities as well as to ensure that these
strategies strengthen coherence between political, security, human rights and rule of
law activities,
Reaffirming its commitment to address the impact of armed conflict on women
and children, and recalling resolution 1325 (2000) and all subsequent resolutions on
women, peace and security to reiterate the need for full, equal and effective
participation of women at all stages of the peace process, given their vital role in the
prevention and resolution of conflict and peacebuilding, as well resolution
1261 (1999) on children and armed conflict and subsequent resolutions,
Paying tribute to the memory of United Nations peacekeepers who have lost
their lives in the cause of peace, and in this regard, underscoring the importance of
safety and security of United Nations peacekeepers, expressing grave concern about
the security threats and targeted attacks against United Nations peacekeepers in
many peacekeeping missions that constitute a major challenge to United Nations
peacekeeping operations, condemning in the strongest terms killing of and all acts of
violence against United Nations peacekeeping personnel, including the recent
shooting down of a United Nations helicopter in South Sudan as well as recent
casualties in United Nations Missions in Democratic Republic of Congo, Côte
d’Ivoire and Darfur, and emphasizing that perpetrators of such attacks must be
brought to justice,
1. Welcomes the contribution of peacekeeping operations to a
comprehensive strategy for durable peace and security and, notes with appreciation
the contributions that peacekeepers and peacekeeping missions make to early
peacebuilding;
2. Emphasizes that United Nations peacekeeping activities should be
conducted in a manner so as to facilitate post-conflict peacebuilding, prevention of
relapse of armed conflict and progress towards sustainable peace and development;
3. Reiterates its commitment to continue to improve its consideration and
reflection of early peacebuilding tasks in the mandates and composition of
peacekeeping operations, and in this regard, stresses the necessity for the Secretariat
to plan early peacebuilding tasks in phases with clear objectives, taking into account
local conditions and lessons learned, which should contribute to long-term
peacebuilding objectives, in order to allow successful transition and withdrawal of
peacekeeping operations;
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4. Stresses the importance of grasping the challenges of peacebuilding from
the inception of a peacekeeping mission through Integrated Strategic Assessment
and Planning processes, so as to ensure coherence between, and integration of,
peacemaking, peacekeeping, peacebuilding and development to achieve an effective
response to post-conflict situation from the outset;
5. Recognizes the important role of multidimensional peacekeeping
missions to: (a) assist host countries in developing critical peacebuilding priorities
and strategies; (b) help to create an enabling environment for relevant national and
international actors to perform peacebuilding tasks; and (c) implement early
peacebuilding tasks themselves;
6. Reiterates the need to integrate mission expertise and experience into the
development of peacebuilding strategies;
7. Recognizes that the mandate of each peacekeeping mission is specific to
the needs and situation of the country concerned;
8. Notes, in this regard, that multidimensional peacekeeping missions may
be mandated by the Security Council, inter-alia, to:
(a) Provide support to basic safety and security by assisting national security
sector reform programmes, through strategic assistance to develop security sector
frameworks, and capacity building of military, police and other law enforcement
institutions in key areas, while upholding the spirit of complete national ownership
and true partnership, with a view to building a legitimate, accountable and
sustainable security sector, responsive to the needs of the population;
(b) Enable national governments in conceiving and developing the
programmes of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR), which must
follow a political process in an inclusive manner with a view to ensuring effective
transition from disarmament and demobilization to reintegration, taking into
consideration the different needs of all parts of the affected population, and in
accordance with specific needs of a situation;
(c) Support the strengthening of rule of law institutions of the host country,
in a coordinated manner with other United Nations entities, within the scope of
respective mandates, in helping national authorities develop critical rule of law
priorities and strategies to address the needs of police, judicial institutions and
corrections system and critical interlinkages thereof, with a view to supporting the
States’ ability to provide critical functions in these fields, and as a vital contribution
to building peace and ending impunity;
(d) Provide for rapid response in mine action as well as advisory services
and training tailored to needs of national authorities, upon request, with a view to
enabling risk reduction, victim assistance, demining and stockpile management and
disposal;
(e) Support peace consolidation and inclusive political processes and
through their good offices, advice and support, as well as by their ability to deter
threats to the ongoing peace process, and facilitate consultation process among local
population and civil society to help them contribute to national processes and
discussions, and upon request, provide security, technical, logistic and
administrative support to representative electoral processes, within the limitation of
its capacities and resources;
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(f) Help to establish the necessary security conditions to facilitate delivery
of humanitarian assistance, taking into account the special needs of refugees, IDPs,
women, children, elderly and disabled people, and to create conditions necessary for
voluntary, safe, dignified and sustainable return of refugees and IDPs;
(g) Contribute towards agreed international efforts to protect human rights
including through monitoring and prevention and support national governments’
efforts to promote and protect human rights, within its capacities and resources and
according to its mandate throughout the life cycle of a Mission;
(h) Protect civilians, particularly those under imminent threat of physical
violence, in conformity with paragraph 16 of its resolution 1674 (2006), within
missions’ zones of operation and taking into account their capacities and resources,
and support the efforts of the host authorities in protection of civilians from
violence, including all forms of sexual and gender based violence, and in this
regard, help in building and reforming security sector institutions of the host
country that are able to sustainably and consistently protect civilians, while
recognizing that protection of civilians is the primary responsibility of the host
country;
(i) Cooperate and coordinate with United Nations agencies and funds and
programs, as well as all relevant partners including international financial
institutions and donors, to support the host government and relevant government
institutions in designing poverty reduction and economic development policies,
plans and strategies, within the context of specific situations;
(j) Support the participation of women in conflict prevention, conflict
resolution and peacebuilding, and also support the efforts of the host government
towards inclusion of women in decision-making roles in post-conflict governance
institutions;
9. Recognizes that, while primary responsibility for successful
peacebuilding lies with governments and relevant national actors, multidimensional
peacekeeping missions bring comparative advantages in early peacebuilding by:
(a) drawing strength from international legitimacy and political leverage derived
from the Security Council mandate; (b) using a mix of civilian, police, and military
capabilities under a unified leadership; and (c) utilizing deep field presence;
10. Reiterates its resolve to give peacekeeping operations clear, credible and
achievable mandates matched by appropriate resources;
11. Underlines the importance of deploying peacekeepers with professional
skills, training, experience, excellence and in adherence to the United Nations zero
tolerance policy for misconduct, and in this regard, encourages Troop- and Police-
Contributing Countries, in the spirit of partnership, to continue to contribute
professional military and police personnel with the necessary skills and experience
to implement multidimensional peacekeeping mandates, including appropriate
language skills at relevant levels;
12. Reiterates the importance, when establishing and renewing the mandates
of United Nations Missions, to include provisions on the promotion of gender
equality and the empowerment of women in post-conflict situations and on children
and armed conflict, including through the appointment of gender advisers, women
protection advisers and experts and child protection advisers, as appropriate, and
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welcomes the call of Secretary-General for enhanced participation, representation
and involvement of women in prevention and resolution of armed conflict and in
peacebuilding as well as for a stronger commitment to address the challenges to
such engagement of women at all levels;
13. Encourages national governments, the United Nations, regional and
subregional organizations to continue to use existing civilian expertise and also to
broaden and deepen the pool of civilian capacities for peacebuilding in the
immediate aftermath of conflict, including from countries with relevant experience
in post-conflict peacebuilding or democratic transition, giving particular attention to
mobilizing capacities from developing countries and from women, and in this
regard, stresses the imperative of mandating and deploying civilian capacities in
compliance with relevant United Nations resolutions and rules and procedures, and
with a view to minimizing duplication of efforts and ensuring consistency and
complementarity;
14. Underlines the importance of clarity on roles and responsibilities of
United Nations peacekeeping operations, United Nations country teams and other
relevant actors, including entities of the United Nations Peacebuilding architecture
and the United Nations Agencies, Funds and Programmes for the delivery of
prioritized support to a country, consistent with its specific peacebuilding needs and
priorities, as outlined by national authorities, in order to ensure effective integration
of effort;
15. Stresses that integrated action on the ground by security and development
actors requires coordination with national authorities in order to stabilize and
improve the security situation and help in economic recovery, and underlines the
importance of integrated efforts among all United Nations entities in the field to
promote coherence in the United Nations’ work in conflict and post-conflict
situations;
16. Encourages the Secretariat, in the context of Integrated Strategic
Assessment and Integrated Strategic Framework, to provide the Security Council
and Troop- and Police-Contributing Countries and other key stakeholders with an
early assessment of peacebuilding challenges in peacekeeping missions, including
assessment of capabilities, force and personnel generation and logistic resource
requirements, in order to coordinate and prioritize peacekeeping and peacebuilding
activities in missions’ mandates;
17. Recognizes the need to further strengthen the cooperation and
consultations with Troop- and Police-contributing countries, including through
triangular cooperation between the Security Council, the Troop- and Police-
Contributing Countries and the Secretariat, in areas where military and police
contingents undertake early peacebuilding tasks, and encourages active participation
of all stakeholders in open and more frequent consultation processes with a view to
improving the delivery of peacebuilding tasks in the field;
18. Underlines the importance of partnership and cooperation with regional
and subregional arrangements and organizations, in accordance with Chapter VIII of
the United Nations Charter, in supporting peacekeeping and peacebuilding activities
as well as forging greater regional and national ownership;
19. Recalls its resolution 1645 (2005) and expresses its continued
willingness to make use of the advisory, advocacy and resource mobilization roles
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of the Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) in peacebuilding activities, welcomes the
progress it has achieved, and emphasizes the need for further harnessing these roles
in advancing and supporting an integrated and coherent approach with respect to
multidimensional peacekeeping mandates in countries on its agenda;
20. Strongly condemns targeted attacks against United Nations peacekeeping
personnel from any party to the conflict and in this regard, calls upon the Secretary-
General to take all measures deemed necessary to strengthen United Nations field
security arrangements and improve the safety and security of all military
contingents, police officers, military observers and, especially, unarmed personnel;
21. Requests the Secretary-General to consider the provisions of this
resolution in relevant peacekeeping and peacebuilding reports;
22. Decides to remain seized of the matter.
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