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Abstract

S/RES/2382 (2017)
Security Council Distr.: General 6 November 2017
Resolution 2382 (2017)
Adopted by the Security Council at its 8086th meeting, on 6 November 2017
The Security Council, Recalling its primary responsibility under the Charter of the United Nations for the maintenance of international peace and security, Recalling its resolution 2185 (2014) on United Nations Policing, as well as relevant resolutions such as resolutions 1265 (1999) and 1894 (2009) on the… [read more] protection of civilians, 1325 (2000) and 2242 (2015) on women, peace and security, 2086 (2013) and 2378 (2017) on peacekeeping operations, 2151 (2014) on security sector reform, 2171 (2014) on conflict prevention, 2282 (2016) on post-conflict peacebuilding, and statements of its President such as the statement of 21 February 2014 (S/PRST/2014/5) on the rule of law, as well as the statement of 14 July 1997 (S/PRST/1997/38), and the reports of the Secretary-General A/66/615 and S/2016/952 on United Nations Policing, Taking note of the Report of the Secretary-General on United Nations Policing of November 2016 and its vision for United Nations Police Components ready to effectively address the challenges of the twenty-first century, Stressing the primary responsibility of States for the prevention and resolution of conflicts, as well as for the protection of civilians and the important contribution that United Nations Policing in peacekeeping and special political missions can provide throughout the conflict cycle, where and as mandated, including through the protection of civilians, capacity-building and development efforts of host-State police services, and noting the relevance of its contribution when considering the broader reform of the peace and security pillar, Affirming that lasting peace is not achieved nor sustained by military and technical engagements alone, but through political solutions and strongly convinced that such political solutions should guide the design and deployment of United Nations peacekeeping operations, Reaffirming its commitment to upholding the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, including its commitment to and respect for the principles of political independence, sovereign equality and territorial integrity of all States in conducting all peacekeeping activities and the need for States to comply with their obligations under international law,
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Further reaffirming the basic principles of peacekeeping, including consent of the parties, impartiality, and non-use of force, except in self-defence and defence of the mandate, and recognizing that the mandate of each peacekeeping mission is specific to the need and situation of the country concerned, and that the Security Council expects full delivery of the mandates it authorizes, Welcoming the role that UN Police Components can play in facilitating the transitions from peacekeeping to development and peacebuilding, and recognizing that improved performance of United Nations Policing can contribute to successful exit strategies of peacekeeping missions and will require continued transparent and accountable efforts to strengthen United Nations Police doctrine and its implementation and defining clearer standards for personnel, equipment, operations, performance, and assistance to host-State police services, as well as increased training and capacity-building to prepare police contributing countries and ensure predictable deployment, Stressing that the successful implementation of the mandates of peacekeeping operations and special political missions requires close cooperation and use of integrated planning mechanisms between the different elements of these missions, including between police, military and civilian components, under the overall leadership of the Head of Mission, Noting the important role United Nations Policing can play, where mandated, in strengthening the rule of law and security sector reform and reaffirming the lead role of national authorities in progressing the reform of police and other law enforcement agencies as part of wider rule of law and security sector reform efforts, including in dedicating national resources towards national police and other law enforcement institutions, and monitoring the impact of police reform, and recognizing that the political leadership and political will of national authorities are critical in this regard and success necessitates national ownership, Highlighting the important role that United Nations Police Components can play in building the capacity of host-State policing and other law enforcement institutions, as mandated, in particular through building principles of community oriented policing and in addressing organized crime, particularly through support in the areas of border, immigration and maritime security and crime prevention, response and investigation, where mandated, Having considered that transnational organized crime undermines stability and further considering that transnational organized crime can benefit international terrorism, which may require strengthening or rebuilding of criminal justice systems to address relevant threats, Recalling the work conducted by the Security Council Working Group on Peacekeeping Operations, the Fourth and Fifth Committees of the General Assembly and the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations, which have provided guidance to the Secretariat on United Nations policing including on a standardized approach to United Nations Policing and compliance thereto, as well as support to the United Nations Secretariat to address capacity and capability gaps, where they exist, thereby improving the performance of United Nations Policing, Noting the increasing scope and reliance on police abilities in United Nations operations and welcoming ongoing efforts to attain specialized capacities, capabilities and technologies for United Nations Police Components, further noting the Policy for Formed Police Units in United Nations Peacekeeping and encouraging Member States to contribute well-trained and appropriately vetted men and women police personnel with appropriate language skills for formed police units (FPUs) with the full complement of agreed contingent-owned equipment,
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specialized police teams (SPTs) and individual police officers, as well as civilian experts, to effectively implement mandated tasks and facilitate the conditions for transitions and exits, Noting that host-State policing institutions should be the primary link between the government, individuals and communities on security issues, reiterating that professional, effective, accountable, and accessible law enforcement, corrections, and judicial institutions are necessary to lay the foundation for sustainable peace and national development, and further noting that failure to address operational and accountability deficits in police institutions can undermine the positive gains made, and thus risks a relapse into conflict, Recognizing the indispensable role of women in United Nations peacekeeping and special political missions, including the critical role that women play in all peace and security efforts, including by providing diverse perspectives which can assist in building trust with local communities and stressing the need to increase their participation and leadership in decision-making in host-States with regard to policing and the rule of law, Welcoming the efforts to incentivize greater numbers of women in military and police deployed and appointed to senior positions in United Nations peacekeeping operations, as both IPOs and as part of SPTs and FPUs, and efforts to review the obstacles preventing women’s recruitment and professional advancement; taking note in this regard of the Secretary-General’s System-wide Strategy on Gender Parity which tasks relevant United Nations entities, in consultation with PoliceContributing countries, to develop a separate, dedicated strategy on this matter, Reaffirming its determination to pursue more prioritization when evaluating, mandating and reviewing United Nations peacekeeping operations, including through strengthening Triangular consultations with Troop and Police-Contributing Countries and the Secretariat, strengthening existing formal mechanisms, and underlining the shared responsibility for meaningful, inclusive, active and dynamic consultations, as well as enhancing its dialogue with host countries, with the aim of fully and successfully implementing peacekeeping mandates, Noting with appreciation the improved cooperation between the United Nations, international, regional and subregional organizations and initiatives, including through training, sharing of experience, exchange of information, thematic expertise and operational readiness as appropriate, and the establishment by the United Nations Police Components of a serious and organized crime focal point network, and further noting that these efforts can strengthen host-State police and other law enforcement agencies’ capacities and capabilities to counter transnational threats, 1. Stresses that the primacy of political solutions should be the hallmark of the approach of the United Nations to the resolution of conflict and resolves to include, on a case by case basis, policing as an integral part of the mandates and decision-making structures of United Nations peacekeeping operations and special political missions, taking into account the need for consistent integration of police expertise within the planning of such missions, and to give clear, credible, achievable, appropriately resourced mandates for policing-related activities, and emphasizes in this context the need to ensure a United Nations system-wide approach to the rule of law; 2. Underscores the critical importance of improving accountability, transparency, efficiency and effectiveness in the performance of United Nations peacekeeping operations and special political missions and calls on the Secretariat to continue efforts to strengthen doctrine and define clear standards for personnel,
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equipment, operations, performance, and assistance to host nation police forces for effective performance of United Nations Police in missions, as well as for preparing Police-Contributing Countries for deployment, and requests the United Nations’ Secretariat to assist Member States’ training activities by providing timely and complete information regarding the training needs of Police-Contributing Countries and those with the capacity to deliver such training, to ensure coherence and identify where capability gaps remain, thereby enhancing triangular cooperation; 3. Reaffirms its ongoing efforts to review peacekeeping operations to ensure maximum effectiveness and efficiency on the ground, and to deepen these efforts in partnership with Police Contributing Countries, and requests the Secretary-General to ensure data streams related to the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations, including peacekeeping performance data, to include police, are centralized to improve analytics and evaluation of mission operations, based on clear and well identified benchmarks; 4. Resolves to continue to promote and support the finalization and operationalization of the Strategic Guidance Framework for International Police Peacekeeping, to conduct targeted recruitment based on identified field needs and develop a measurable accountability framework for the implementation of mandates, and requests the Secretary-General to consider undertaking the following to ensure the timely completion of country-specific mandates and improve performance: (a) Strengthen the collaboration of United Nations Policing with the Peacekeeping Strategic Force Generation and Capability Planning Cell, so that police and military requirements are coordinated, force generation occurs in concert and performance data is centralized to improve performance based decision-making; (b) Provide additional guidance for relevant officials, including for Special Representatives of the Secretary-General and Special Envoys, and assist relevant senior United Nations management to understand how to deliver mandated policerelated tasks; (c) Highlight in his regular reports to the Security Council concerning specific United Nations peacekeeping and special political missions mandated by the Security Council, updates on progress in terms of gender-responsive police reform and protection activities, where mandated, including efforts to make national police services more accessible and responsive to women, in order to improve Security Council oversight of police reform and protection of civilians activities in accordance with resolutions 2122 (2013) and 2242 (2015); 5. Recognizes the role of United Nations Policing in contributing, as appropriate, to the United Nations’ efforts to prevent conflicts through, inter alia, as mandated, protection of civilians, and assisting host-States with relevant capacitybuilding and calls on the Secretary-General to make sure that planning of United Nations peacekeeping and special political missions with police mandates are based on a thorough analysis of the context, capacities and needs of host-States; 6. Reaffirms that States bear the primary responsibility for protection of civilians and recognizes the important role that United Nations Police Components can play, where and as mandated, in the protection of civilians, including in preventing and addressing sexual and gender based violence, and, where applicable, conflict-related sexual violence and violations and abuses against children in the context of conflict and post-conflict situations, including, where appropriate, supporting the efforts of host-authorities to build and reform policing and law enforcement institutions so they are able to sustainably and consistently protect civilians, and in this regard:
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(a) Urges Police-Contributing Countries to ensure that all deployed IPOs, FPUs and SPTs have undergone comprehensive training, including specific training on protection of civilians, sexual and gender based violence, as well as child protection, as a key part of their predeployment training, to successfully fulfil their mandates; (b) Requests the Secretary-General to ensure that United Nations Police Components support protection of civilians activities as part of the whole of mission approach in missions with protection of civilians mandates; (c) Reiterates that the protection of children in armed conflict should be an important aspect of any comprehensive strategy to resolve conflict and build peace and of capacity-building efforts in support of host-State police, law enforcement agencies and, where appropriate, juvenile justice systems; underscoring in this regard the importance of specialized predeployment and in-mission training on mission-specific child protection and on appropriate comprehensive child-sensitive prevention and protection responses, as well as monitoring and reporting on violations and abuses committed against children, and stressing the importance of enhancing coordination between Police Components and Child Protection Advisers as well as Gender and Women Protection Advisers as outlined in all relevant United Nations Security Council resolutions; 7. Requests the Secretary-General to continue and strengthen efforts to enhance measures in United Nations peacekeeping and special political missions against all forms of sexual exploitation and abuse by United Nations personnel and on support to victims in cooperation with the Victims’ Rights Advocate, urges all Police-Contributing Countries to ensure that all police personnel to be deployed are vetted for previous criminal acts of sexual exploitation and abuse and to deliver robust predeployment training to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse, and recalls the primary responsibility of Troop-Contributing Countries to investigate allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse by their personnel and of Troop- and PoliceContributing Countries to hold accountable, including through prosecution, where appropriate, their personnel for acts of sexual exploitation and abuse, taking into account due process; 8. Reaffirms the importance of national ownership and leadership in peacebuilding, whereby the responsibility for sustaining peace is broadly shared by the Government and all other national stakeholders, and recognizes that United Nations Police Components, including IPOs, FPOs and SPTs can contribute to building and sustaining peace by supporting host-State police and other law enforcement services, as mandated; 9. Recalls in this regard the importance of United Nations Policing-related support to non-United Nations security forces adhering to the Human Rights Due Diligence Policy; 10. Recognizes the importance of United Nations Policing by: (a) Reaffirming its commitment to continue to convene the annual briefing of Heads of United Nations Police Components established in resolution 2185 (2014); (b) Highlighting, where appropriate, United Nations Policing aspects in deliberations of the Security Council Working Group on Peacekeeping; (c) Encouraging the inclusion of United Nations Policing issues in briefings of the Secretary-General’s Special Representatives and Special Envoys and in the reports of the Secretary-General, where appropriate;
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11. Stresses the importance of national ownership and commitment in policing and that, where appropriate, a thorough assessment of national capacity gaps in the area of police activities should inform United Nations Policing capacitybuilding activities and police development, including the composition of United Nations Police Components, and during planning, recruitment, the provision of guidance, and training; 12. Welcomes the efforts of Member States and the Secretariat to strengthen the strategic generation of both female and male police personnel with the appropriate expertise and language skills, in order to convey information and provide technical assistance in the most accessible manner to the desired audience, including through participation in the United Nations Chiefs of Police Summit and engagement in the Peacekeeping Capabilities Readiness System for Rapid Deployment, and urges Police-Contributing Countries to contribute further: (a) Well-trained, equipped and performing FPUs, including rapidly deployable FPUs; (b) Highly qualified IPOs and civilian experts with specialized skill sets; (c) SPTs with proper support; (d) A substantial increase in numbers of female police across the different roles, with the aim of an overall doubling by 2020, and increasing representation in leadership positions, in line with UNSCR 2242 (2015) and the original United Nations Global Goal to reach 20 per cent female officers by 2014; (e) Police units that have completed predeployment training, with the support of the Secretariat, as appropriate, within the areas of their respective responsibilities, so that relevant mechanisms are in place to evaluate Member States’ predeployment readiness; 13. Reiterates the importance of gender analysis in all police activities and mission phases and the role of Police Gender Advisers and its request to the Secretary-General to enhance coordination between Police Components and Child Protection Advisers as well as Gender and Women Protection Advisers, calls upon the United Nations Secretariat to work closely with Member States and UN-Women to overcome systemic challenges regarding the eligibility of female police for United Nations missions such as entry requirements, including by instituting special measures, or supporting women police associations, and encourages Member States to provide updates annually on these efforts, and share good practices in this regard; 14. Notes the continued efforts of the Secretary-General to enhance performance in the peace and security pillar and encourages the Secretariat to assess issues concerning the functions, structure and capacity of the Police Division in consultation with Member States; 15. Welcomes the work of the Police Division Standing Police Capacity (SPC) in providing a rapid, coherent, effective and responsive start-up and assistance capability for the Police Components of United Nations peacekeeping and special political missions as well as support to other United Nations entities through the Global Focal Point for Police, Justice and Corrections arrangement, and requests the Secretary-General to ensure the work of the SPC is better integrated into efforts of United Nations peacekeeping operations to ensure coordination and information sharing and that the SPC is used to maximum effect; 16. Requests the Secretary-General to provide a report by the end of 2018, including on:
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(a) Implications for the delivery of policing mandates stemming from any changes to the United Nations Secretariat’s Peace and Security Architecture; (b) Strengthening United Nations Policing’s operational and policy coherence within the United Nations system; (c) Improving United Nations capability, accountability and transparency on United Nations Policing; (d) Planning for strategic police generation gaps and key skill sets; (e) Ensuring coherence of relevant United Nations Policing initiatives, in order to improve mission transitions and timely exits; (f) Strengthening partnerships between the United Nations and international, regional and subregional organizations in accordance with Chapter VIII of the United Nations Charter, in the areas of policing. [^]