S/RES/2480 (2019)
Security Council Distr.: General 28 June 2019
Resolution 2480 (2019)
Adopted by the Security Council at its 8568th meeting, on 28 June 2019
The Security Council, Recalling all its previous resolutions, statements of its President and press statements on the situation in Mali, Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of Mali, emphasizing that the Malian authorities have primary responsibility for the provision of stability, security and protection of civilians throughout the territory of Mali, Reaffirming the basic principles of peacekeeping, including consent of the parties, impartiality and non-use of force, except in self-defence and defence of the mandate, recognizing that the mandate of each peacekeeping mission is specific to the need and situation of the country concerned, and recalling its Presidential Statement of 14 May 2018 (S/PRST/2018/10), Expressing grave concern about the continued deterioration of the security and humanitarian situation in Mali, including through the maintenance of a high level of asymmetric attacks by terrorist groups in the North and the escalation of intercommunal violence in the Centre, which have caused the loss of numerous innocent lives as well as numerous internally displaced people, people in critical need of assistance and children without access to education due to school closures, and further expressing deep concern that the situation in Mali negatively impacts that of neighbouring countries and of the Sahel region, Emphasizing that security and stability in Mali are inextricably linked to that of the Sahel and West Africa, as well as to that of Libya and North Africa, Strongly condemning the continued attacks against civilians, representatives from local, regional and State institutions, as well as national, international and UN security forces, including the Malian Defence and Security Forces (MDSF), the G5 Sahel joint force (FC-G5S), the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA), the French forces and the European Union Training Mission in Mali (EUTM Mali), Underlining that lasting peace and security in the Sahel region will not be achieved without a combination of political, security and development efforts benefitting all regions of Mali, as well as the full, effective and inclusive implementation of the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali (“the Agreement”), which involves all Malian actors supportive of the peace process and ensures full, effective and meaningful participation of women and youth, Recognizing that more progress was made during the past nine months than during the first years after the signing of the Agreement, which were characterized by a slow pace of implementation, noting that a combination of some level of political will and international pressure, including through the prospect of sanctions, constituted an important factor in securing these positive results, and underlining that MINUSMA, along with the other security presences mentioned in resolution 2423 (2018), significantly contributes to the implementation of the Agreement and to the stabilization of Mali, Expressing a significant sense of impatience with parties over the persistent delays in the full implementation of key provisions of the Agreement, regretting the recent stagnation in the implementation process mentioned by the Independent Observer in its April 2019 report, noting that protracted delays in implementation contribute to a political and security vacuum jeopardizing the stability and development of Mali as well as the viability of the Agreement, and stressing the need for increased ownership and prioritization in the implementation of the Agreement, Underlining that engaging in hostilities in violation of the Agreement as well as actions taken that obstruct, or that obstruct by prolonged delay, or that threaten the implementation of the Agreement constitute a basis for sanctions designations pursuant to resolution 2374 (2017), among other designation criteria, Underlining that stabilization of the situation in Central Mali requires the implementation of a renewed and fully integrated strategy encompassing simultaneous pursuit of progress on security, governance, development, reconciliation, accountability, as well as protection and promotion of human rights, Stressing the importance of ensuring the success of the inclusive political dialogue recently announced with the aim to build consensus on key political and institutional reforms, Strongly condemning all violations and abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law, including those involving extrajudicial and summary executions, arbitrary arrests and detentions and illtreatment of prisoners, sexual and gender-based violence, as well as killing, maiming, recruitment and use of children, attacks against schools, hospitals and humanitarian and medical personnel, and calling upon all parties to bring an end to such violations and abuses and to comply with their obligations under applicable international law, Reiterating, in this regard, the importance of holding accountable all those responsible for such acts and that some of such acts referred to in the paragraph above may amount to crimes under the Rome Statute, and taking note that, acting upon the referral of the transitional authorities of Mali dated 13 July 2012, the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) opened on 16 January 2013 an investigation into alleged crimes committed on the territory of Mali since January 2012, Emphasizing the need for adequate risk assessment and risk management strategies, by the government of Mali and the United Nations, of ecological changes, natural disasters, drought, desertification, land degradation, food insecurity, energy access, climate change, among other factors, on the security and stability of Mali, Commending troop- and police- contributing countries of MINUSMA for their contribution, paying tribute to the peacekeepers who risk, as well as lost, their lives in this respect, Further commending MINUSMA’s efforts to adopt a more robust posture over the past months as well as the intensification of the frequency and scale of its operations, Recognizing that, in light of the specific and challenging environment in which it is deployed, MINUSMA interacts with other security presences which have the potential to be mutually beneficial instruments to restore peace and stability in Mali and the Sahel region, Taking note of the report of the Secretary-General (S/2019/454), Determining that the situation in Mali continues to constitute a threat to international peace and security, Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
Implementation of the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali 1. Urges the Government of Mali and the Plateforme and Coordination armed groups (“the Malian parties”) to continue to accelerate the implementation of the Agreement, through significant, meaningful and irreversible measures to be taken on an urgent basis, and further urges Malian parties to sign without delay a revised roadmap with a clear, realistic and binding timeline focused on a limited number of priorities related to the main pillars of the Agreement; 2. Strongly regrets that several provisions of the Agreement referenced in paragraph 4 of resolution 2423 (2018) have not yet been fully implemented or started, despite its repeated calls in this sense over the past months, recalls paragraph 3 of resolution 2423 (2018) expressing its intention to respond with measures pursuant to resolution 2374 (2017) should the parties not implement the agreed-upon commitments of the Roadmap adopted on 22 March 2018 within the announced timeframe; 3. Stresses that individuals or entities placed on the 2374 sanctions list shall not benefit from any financial, operational or logistical support from United Nations entities deployed in Mali, until their removal from the list and without prejudice to the exemptions set by paragraphs 2, 5, 6 and 7 of resolution 2374 (2017); 4. Urges the Malian parties to take immediate and concrete action to fulfil the following priority measures before the end of MINUSMA’s current mandate: – ensure the completion of the constitutional reform, including institutional reforms envisioned by the Agreement, following an inclusive consultation with the full involvement of the Malian parties, the political opposition and civil society; – complete the transfer of decentralized State services to local authorities in their areas of competence, complete the transfer of 30 per cent of State revenues to local authorities based on an equitable distribution system with special attention paid to the Northern regions and adopt, following adequate consultations, a legislation establishing a regional territorial police force; – resolve outstanding issues related to the concept of reconstituted and reformed MDSF, including through consultations between the Malian parties at the highest level, resolve outstanding issues related to the training, integration and redeployment of at least 3,000 members of the signatory armed groups in the MDSF, following an inclusive consultation process with the full engagement and consensus of the Malian parties and other relevant stakeholders, and develop and commence implementation of a comprehensive plan for the progressive redeployment of reconstituted and reformed MDSF to Northern
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Mali in a transparent manner with the full engagement and consensus of the Malian parties and other relevant stakeholders as part of a broader national vision for Security Sector Reform; – create the Northern Development Zone through the adoption of requisite legislation; the operationalization of the sustainable development fund and related inclusive management mechanisms; and the implementation of a pilot project to be jointly designed by the Malian parties and civil society with a view to swiftly delivering peace dividends to the population of Northern Mali; – hold a high-level workshop, with the full involvement of the Malian parties and of the civil society, that will identify concrete recommendations to be implemented within agreed timelines to ensure full, effective and meaningful participation of women in the mechanisms established by the Agreement to support and monitor its implementation, including through greater representation of women in the Comité de suivi de l’Accord (CSA); 5. Calls upon all parties in Mali to ensure full, effective and meaningful participation of women in the mechanisms established by the Agreement to support and monitor its implementation, including through greater representation of women in the CSA, meeting the 30 per cent quota for women in all political functions and offices as defined in Mali’s legislation, and completion of Agreement-related targets laid out in Mali’s third national plan for the implementation of resolution 1325 (2000), and requests the Secretary-General to pay specific attention to these points in its regular reporting on MINUSMA; 6. Requests the Secretary-General to assess progress achieved in the implementation of the priority measures referenced in paragraph 4 above every six months in his regular reporting on MINUSMA, encourages the panel of experts established pursuant to resolution 2374 (2017) to identify parties responsible for potential lack of implementation of these priority measures through its regular reporting and interim updates, and expresses its intent, should these priority measures not be implemented by the end of MINUSMA’s current mandate, to respond with measures pursuant to resolution 2374 (2017) on individuals and entities who are thus obstructing or threatening the implementation of the Agreement; 7. Calls upon all parties in Mali to strictly abide by the arrangements in place for a cessation of hostilities, and demands that all armed groups reject violence, cut off all ties with terrorist organizations and transnational organized crime, take concrete steps to prevent human rights abuses against civilians, put an end to recruitment and use of child soldiers, cease any activities hampering the return of State authority and basic social services, and recognize without conditions the unity and territorial integrity of the Malian State within the framework of the Agreement; 8. Urges all parties in Mali to cooperate fully with the SRSG and MINUSMA as well as to ensure the safety, security and freedom of movement of MINUSMA’s personnel with unhindered and immediate access throughout the territory of Mali; 9. Calls for the inclusion within national and regional strategies of programs to address the stigma of sexual and gender-based violence, bring justice to victims and support the reintegration of survivors into their communities; 10. Requests the SRSG to use his good offices to encourage and support the full implementation of the Agreement, notably by heading the Secretariat of the CSA as well as by playing a central role to assist the Malian parties in identifying and prioritizing implementation steps consistent with the implementation of the Agreement;
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11. Encourages more structured exchanges between Malian parties between sessions of the CSA, including through the establishment of a dedicated Secretariat under the authority of the Minister of Social cohesion, Peace and National reconciliation and with the support of the international mediation, acknowledges the role of the CSA to reconcile disagreements between the Malian parties, recalls the provisions of the Pact for Peace signed on 15 October 2018 between the Government of Mali and the United Nations recognizing the enforceability of the decisions and arbitrations of the international mediation team in case of divergence in the implementation of the Agreement, and calls on the members of the CSA and other relevant international partners, to increase their engagement in support to the implementation of the Agreement in coordination with the SRSG and MINUSMA; 12. Calls upon the Independent Observer to continue to make public, including through presentation to the CSA, regular reports containing concrete recommendations on steps to be taken by all parties to accelerate the full, effective and inclusive implementation of the Agreement, and further calls upon all parties to fully cooperate with the Carter Center in order to facilitate the implementation of its mandate as Independent Observer; 13. Calls upon all parties to fully cooperate with the International Commission of Inquiry established in accordance with the Agreement and as requested by resolution 2364 (2017); 14. Encourages all relevant United Nations agencies, as well as bilateral, regional and multilateral partners to provide the necessary support to contribute to the implementation of the Agreement by the Malian parties, in particular its provisions pertaining to sustainable development;
Situation in Central Mali 15. Urges Malian authorities to take expedited and priority action through the Cadre politique de gestion de la crise au Centre du Mali to develop and implement a comprehensive politically-led strategy to protect civilians, reduce intercommunal violence, and re-establish State presence, State authority and basic social services in Central Mali, and further urges Malian authorities to disarm without delay all militias, to enhance their actions to restore peaceful relations between communities, to ensure that those responsible for violations and abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law in Central Mali are held accountable and brought to justice without delay; 16. Encourages MINUSMA to continue efforts to facilitate the return of State presence, State authority and basic social services in the Centre, including through supporting Malian authorities in reducing intercommunal tensions, redeploying the MDSF, ensuring effective, dynamic and integrated protection of civilians, and fighting impunity, and further encourages MINUSMA to enhance communication efforts to underscore the role and responsibilities of the Malian authorities to protect civilians while raising awareness on its own role and limitations;
MINUSMA’s mandate General principles 17. Decides to extend the mandate of MINUSMA until 30 June 2020; 18. Decides that MINUSMA shall continue to comprise up to 13,289 military personnel and 1,920 police personnel; 19. Authorizes MINUSMA to use all necessary means to carry out its mandate;
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20. Decides that the primary strategic priority of MINUSMA remains to support the implementation of the Agreement by the Government, the Plateforme and Coordination armed groups, as well as by other relevant Malian stakeholders, and further decides that the second strategic priority of MINUSMA is to facilitate the implementation of a comprehensive politically-led Malian strategy to protect civilians, reduce intercommunal violence, and re-establish State authority, State presence and basic social services in Central Mali, through the implementation of its mandated tasks; 21. Stresses that MINUSMA’s mandate should be implemented based on a prioritization of tasks established in paragraphs 20 above and 28 and 29 below, requests the Secretary-General to reflect this prioritization in the deployment of the mission and to align budgetary resources according to the prioritization of mandate tasks as set out in this resolution, while ensuring appropriate resources for the implementation of the mandate, affirms, in this regard, that the support to the implementation of the Agreement should be given priority in decisions about the use of available capacity and resources, that the SRSG, in consultation with the Force Commander, should be given sufficient flexibility to deploy MINUSMA contingents between sectors to rapidly respond, in line with MINUSMA’s mandate, to the dynamic security situation in both North and Central Mali, and that the SRSG, in consultation with the Force Commander, should ensure that sufficient mission resources are allocated to the implementation of the second strategic priority, and requests the Secretary-General to conduct, within six months of the adoption of the resolution, a thorough assessment of the situation in Northern and Central Mali and of the Mission’s configuration in regards to the implementation of its primary and second strategic priorities; 22. Requests MINUSMA to continue to carry out its mandate with a proactive, robust, flexible and agile posture; 23. Expresses its deep concern regarding the heavy number of losses of peacekeepers in Mali and requests MINUSMA to ensure the safety, security and freedom of movement of United Nations and associated personnel, to protect installations and equipment, and, in this context, to periodically review all safety and security measures; 24. Encourages the Secretary-General to keep the Mission concept under continuous review in order to maximize the positive impact of MINUSMA’s resources and make operational adjustments where necessary, and requests the Secretary-General to implement the options for adaptation with a view to enhancing MINUSMA’s effectiveness to support the implementation of the Agreement through a greater focus on priority tasks as well as the recommendations to enhance MINUSMA’s support in the Center presented in its report mentioned above; 25. Encourages the Secretary-General to keep under continuous update the integrated strategic framework setting the United Nations’ overall vision, joint priorities and internal division of labour to sustain peace in Mali, requests the Secretary-General to ensure an efficient division of tasks and complementarity of efforts between MINUSMA and the United Nations Country Team (UNCT), based on their mandates and comparative advantages as well as to continuously adjust their deployment according to the progress made in the implementation of MINUSMA’s mandate, while stressing the importance of adequate resources for the UNCT, underscores the critical nature of enhanced UNCT presence and activity in the Northern and Central regions of Mali, and calls on Member States and relevant organizations to consider providing the necessary voluntary funding to this end; 26. Encourages MINUSMA to pursue its efforts to improve coordination between its civil, military and police components, including through an integrated
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approach to operational planning and intelligence as well as through intra-mission dedicated coordination mechanisms; 27. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to ensure close coordination and information sharing, where appropriate, between MINUSMA, the United Nations Office for West Africa and the Sahel (UNOWAS), sub-regional organizations, including ECOWAS and the G5 Sahel, as well as Member States in the region;
Priority tasks 28. Decides that MINUSMA’s mandate shall include the following priority tasks:
(a) Support to the implementation of the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali (i) To support the implementation of the political and institutional reforms provided by the Agreement, especially in its Part II, notably to support the Government’s efforts for the effective restoration and extension of State authority and rule of law throughout the territory, including through supporting the effective functioning of interim administrations in the North of Mali under the conditions set out in the Agreement; (ii) To support the implementation of the defence and security measures of the Agreement, especially its Part III and Annex 2, notably: – to support, monitor and supervise the ceasefire, including through the continued implementation of control measures on movement and armament of signatory armed groups, and to report to the Security Council on violations of it; – to support the cantonment, disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of armed groups, including through the integration of elements of the signatory armed groups in the MDSF as an interim measure, and the continued implementation of a community violence reduction program, within the framework of an inclusive and consensual reform of the security sector, taking into account the particular needs of women and children and without prejudice to the anticipated plans of the demobilization, disarmament and reintegration and integration commissions; – to support the establishment by all relevant Malian parties of a comprehensive plan for the redeployment of the reformed and reconstituted MDSF in the North of Mali, and to support such redeployment including through operational, logistical and transportation support during coordinated and joint operations, planning, strengthened information sharing, and medical evacuation, within existing resources, without prejudice to the basic principles of peacekeeping; – to ensure coherence of international efforts, in close collaboration with other bilateral partners, donors and international organizations, including the European Union, engaged in these fields, to rebuild the Malian security sector, within the framework set out by the Agreement; (iii) To support the implementation of the reconciliation and justice measures of the Agreement, especially in its Part V, by continuing its current activities, including with respect to the support of the operations of the International Commission of Inquiry, in consultation with the parties, support to the work of the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission, support to the effectiveness of justice and corrections officials in the North and Centre of the country and to associated interim authorities, and technical support to Malian judicial
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institutions regarding the detention, investigation and prosecution of individuals suspected of, and sentencing of those found responsible for, terrorism-related crimes, mass atrocities and transnational organized crime activities (including trafficking in persons, arms, drugs and natural resources, and the smuggling of migrants), which risk destabilizing the peace process; (iv) To support, within its resources and areas of deployment, the conduct of inclusive, free, fair, transparent, and credible elections, conducted in a peaceful environment, as well as the holding of a constitutional referendum, including through the provision of appropriate technical assistance and security arrangements, consistent with the provisions of the Agreement;
(b) Support to stabilization and restoration of State authority in the Centre (i) To support Malian authorities in reducing violence and intercommunal tensions by using its good offices; (ii) To support the redeployment of the MDSF in the Centre of Mali, including through continued operational, logistical and transportation support during coordinated and joint operations, planning, strengthened information sharing and medical evacuation, within existing resources, without prejudice to the basic principles of peacekeeping; (iii) To support Malian authorities in ensuring that those responsible for violations and abuses of human rights and violations of international humanitarian law are held accountable and brought to justice without delay;
(c) Protection of civilians (i) To protect, without prejudice to the primary responsibility of the Malian authorities, civilians under threat of physical violence; (ii) In support of the Malian authorities, to take active steps to anticipate, deter and effectively respond to threats to the civilian population, notably in the North and Center of Mali, through a comprehensive and integrated approach, and, in this regard: – to strengthen early warning and to increase efforts to monitor and document violations of international humanitarian law and violations and abuses of international human rights law; – to strengthen community engagement and protection mechanisms, including interaction with civilians, community outreach, reconciliation, mediation, support to the resolution of local and intercommunal conflicts and public information; – to take mobile, flexible, robust and proactive steps to protect civilians, including through the deployment of ground and air assets, as available, in high risk areas where civilians are most at risk; – to mitigate the risk to civilians before, during and after any military or police operation, including by tracking, preventing, minimizing, and addressing civilian harm resulting from the mission’s operations; – to prevent the return of active armed elements to key population centres and other areas where civilians are at risk, engaging in direct operations pursuant only to serious and credible threats; (iii) To provide specific protection for women and children affected by armed conflict, including through Protection Advisors, Child Protection Advisors and Women Protection Advisors as well as consultations with women’s
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organizations, and address the needs of victims of sexual and gender-based violence in armed conflict;
(d) Good offices and reconciliation (i) To exercise good offices, confidence-building and facilitation at the national and local levels, in order to support dialogue with and among all stakeholders towards reconciliation and social cohesion; (ii) To support efforts to reduce intercommunal tensions, bearing in mind the primary responsibility of the Malian authorities; (iii) To support the holding of inclusive, free, fair, transparent and credible elections, conducted in a peaceful environment; (iv) To encourage and support the full implementation of the Agreement by the Government of Mali, the Plateforme and Coordination armed groups, and all relevant non-signatory actors, including by promoting the meaningful participation of civil society, including women’s organizations as well as youth organizations;
(e) Promotion and protection of human rights (i) To assist the Malian authorities in their efforts to promote and protect human rights, in particular in the areas of justice and reconciliation, including to support, as feasible and appropriate, the efforts of the Malian authorities, without prejudice to their responsibilities, to bring to justice without undue delay those responsible for serious violations or abuses of human rights or violations of international humanitarian law, in particular war crimes and crimes against humanity in Mali, taking into account the referral by the transitional authorities of Mali of the situation in their country since January 2012 to the ICC; (ii) To monitor, document, help investigate and report publicly and regularly to the Security Council, on violations of international humanitarian law and on violations and abuses of human rights, including all forms of sexual and genderbased violence and violations and abuses committed against women and children throughout Mali and to contribute to efforts to prevent such violations and abuses;
(f) Humanitarian assistance In support of the Malian authorities, to contribute to the creation of a secure environment for the safe civilian-led delivery of humanitarian assistance, consistent with humanitarian principles, and the voluntary, safe and dignified return of internally displaced persons and refugees, or local integration or resettlement of internally displaced persons and refugees in close coordination with humanitarian actors;
Other tasks 29. Further authorizes MINUSMA, without impeding on its capacity to implement its priority tasks, to use its existing capacities to assist in implementing the following other tasks in a streamlined and sequenced manner, bearing in mind that priority and secondary tasks are mutually reinforcing:
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(a) Quick impact projects To contribute to the creation of a secure environment for quick impact projects in direct support to the implementation of the Agreement in the North or in response to specific needs in the Centre on the basis of strong conflict analysis;
(b) Cooperation with Sanctions Committees To assist and exchange information with the Sanctions Committee and the Panel of experts established by resolution 2374; To assist the 1267/1989/2253 ISIL (Da’esh) and Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee and the Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team established by resolution 1526 (2004), including by passing information relevant to the implementation of the measures in paragraph 1 of resolution 2368 (2017);
Other security presences in Mali and the Sahel region 30. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure adequate coordination, exchange of information and, when applicable, support, within their respective mandates and through existing mechanisms, between MINUSMA, the MDSF, the FC-G5S, the French Forces and the European Union missions in Mali, and further requests MINUSMA to convene regular meetings of the Instance de Coordination au Mali as the main platform for such coordination, exchange of information and support; 31. Stresses that security responses to the threats faced by Mali can only be effective if conducted in full compliance with international law, by taking feasible precautions to minimize the risk of harm to civilians in all areas of operations, and requests MINUSMA to ensure that any of its support to other security presences mentioned in paragraph 30 above is provided in strict compliance with the Human Rights Due Diligence Policy on United Nations support to non-United Nations security forces (HRDDP); 32. Affirms that the redeployment of the reformed and reconstituted MDSF across the territory of Mali and the full operationalization of the FC-G5S will contribute to the stability of Mali and its region, facilitate the fulfilment by MINUSMA of its mandate and thus open the way for the implementation of an exit strategy for the mission, and requests, in this context, MINUSMA, in coordination with the Instance de Coordination au Mali, to develop a long-term conditions-based transition approach to ensure a phased, coordinated and deliberate transition of security responsibilities, without jeopardizing the stability of Mali and its region;
Malian Defence and Security Forces 33. Urges MINUSMA and the Government of Mali to redouble their efforts towards ensuring a swift, full and effective implementation of the Memorandum of Understanding on support to the redeployment of MDSF; 34. Encourages bilateral and multilateral partners to continue their support to accelerate the redeployment of the MDSF to the Centre and, once reformed and reconstituted, to the North of Mali, particularly by providing relevant equipment and training, in coordination with the Government of Mali and MINUSMA and within the framework of the Agreement; 35. Strongly condemns the continued terrorist attacks against MDSF, expresses serious concerns about repeated allegations of violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law by MDSF in the conduct of counterterrorism operations, including in Central Mali, urges the Government of Mali to carry out transparent and credible investigations on alleged violations of
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international human rights law and international humanitarian law by MDSF, calls for those responsible for such violations or abuses to be held accountable, takes positive note of the measures announced by the Government of Mali in response to several allegations referred to above and urges for the effective implementation of those measures, in pursuance of the conditions referred to above; 36. Calls upon the Government of Mali to implement all recommendations made by MINUSMA in the framework of the HRDDP, and encourages international partners to insist on respect for international human rights law, international humanitarian law and accountability as a necessary condition when partnering with the MDSF or other armed actors;
Force conjointe du G5 Sahel 37. Encourages G5 Sahel States to ensure that the FC-G5S continues to scale up its level of operation in order to demonstrate increased tangible operational results; 38. Stresses that operational and logistical support from MINUSMA, as per the conditions set by resolution 2391 (2017), has the potential to allow the FC-G5S, given its current level of capacities, to enhance its ability to deliver on its mandate; 39. Recalls all provisions of paragraph 13 of resolution 2391, notes the request expressed by the G5 Sahel during the Security Council mission on the Sahel carried out in March 2019 that life support consumables provided by MINUSMA to the FC-G5S pursuant to the technical agreement between the United Nations, the EU and the G5 Sahel (“the technical agreement”) could be used by all G5 Sahel contingents operating in the framework of the FC-G5S, expresses its support for the use of life support consumables provided by MINUSMA to the FC-G5S based on resolution 2391 (2017) by all G5 Sahel contingents operating in the framework of the FC-G5S under the conditions that the FC-G5S or other partners undertake the responsibility of ensuring their delivery to their respective areas of operations when outside of Malian territory and that provision of consumables is undertaken in strict compliance with the Human Rights Due Diligence Policy on United Nations support to Non-United Nations security forces, recalls the reporting obligations set by paragraph 33 (iii) of resolution 2391, requests the Secretary-General to provide an assessment of the implementation of paragraph 13 of resolution 2391 (2017) to be included in its June 2020 quarterly report on MINUSMA, included any updates related to this paragraph, and expresses its intent, on this basis, to take a decision on the future of the mechanism set by paragraph 13 of resolution 2391 at the end of MINUSMA’s current mandate; 40. Requests the Secretary-General to enhance exchange of information between MINUSMA and the G5 Sahel States, through provision of relevant intelligence; 41. Recalls that adherence to the compliance framework referred to in resolution 2391 (2017) is essential in ensuring the required trust among the populations, and thus the effectiveness and legitimacy of the FC-G5S, and calls upon the FC-G5S to cooperate with the United Nations in implementing the HRDDP, including by cooperating with the relevant monitoring and reporting mechanisms;
French forces 42. Authorizes French forces, within the limits of their capacities and areas of deployment, to use all necessary means until the end of MINUSMA’s mandate as authorized in this resolution, to intervene in support of elements of MINUSMA when under imminent and serious threat upon request of the Secretary-General, and requests France to report to the Council on the implementation of this mandate in
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Mali and to coordinate its reporting with the reporting by the Secretary-General referred to in paragraph 64 below;
European Union contribution 43. Encourages the European Union, notably its Special Representative for the Sahel and its EUTM Mali and EUCAP Sahel Mali missions, to continue its efforts to support Malian authorities in Security Sector Reform and reestablishment of State authority and presence in the Centre, further encourages close coordination of these efforts with MINUSMA, and requests the Secretary-General enhance cooperation between MINUSMA and EUTM Mali and EUCAP Sahel missions, including by developing further complementarity between the missions and by exploring modalities for potential mutual support, including through a possible technical agreement without affecting MINUSMA’s capacity to implement its mandate and strategic priorities;
Capacities of MINUSMA, safety and security of MINUSMA’s personnel 44. Stresses the importance to provide MINUSMA with the necessary performance capacities to fulfil its mandate in a complex security environment that includes asymmetric threats while ensuring the best possible level of safety and security for its personnel; 45. Urges Member States to provide troops and police that have adequate capabilities, including regarding language skills, predeployment and, where appropriate, in situ training, and equipment, including enablers, specific to the operating environment, notes the potential adverse effects on mandate implementation of national caveats which have not been declared and accepted by the Secretary General prior to deployment, and calls on Members State to provide troops with the minimum of declared caveats; 46. Requests the Secretary-General to seek to increase the number of women in MINUSMA, as well as to ensure the meaningful participation of women in all aspects of operations; 47. Strongly condemns attacks against peacekeepers, underlines that these attacks may constitute war crimes under international law, stresses that those responsible for these acts should be held accountable, calls on the Government of Mali to swiftly investigate and bring the perpetrators to justice, with a view to prevent impunity from encouraging future violence against peacekeepers, calls upon MINUSMA to provide support to the Government of Mali to this end, further stresses the importance of MINUSMA having the necessary capacities to promote the safety and security of the United Nations peacekeepers, and requests the Secretary-General to ensure troop contributing countries receive sufficient information relevant to upto-date tactics, techniques, and procedures in reducing troop casualties in an asymmetric environment before deploying to Mali; 48. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to take all appropriate measures to review and enhance the safety and security of MINUSMA’s personnel, in line with the action plan developed by MINUSMA in this regard, including through: – improving MINUSMA’s intelligence and analysis capacities, including surveillance and monitoring capacities, within the limits of its mandate; – providing training, knowledge and equipment to counter explosive devices, including enhanced support to troop and police contributing countries to deploy the environment specific mine-protected vehicles needed under the current Force requirements;
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– improving logistics in mission, in particular by securing MINUSMA’s logistical supply routes, including through the continued deployment of combat convoy battalions and the use of modern technology such as multiple sensors, intelligence fusion and unmanned aerial systems, as well as by exploring potential alternative logistical supply routes; – enhancing camps protection, including through the urgent deployment of indirect fire attack early warning devices, such as ground alert radars, on premises not yet equipped; – implementing more effective casualty and medical evacuation procedures, as well as deploying enhanced medical evacuation capacities; – taking active and effective measures to improve the planning and functioning of MINUSMA’s safety and security facilities and arrangements; – securing long-term rotation schemes for critical capabilities as well as exploring innovative options to promote partnerships between equipment, troop- and police-contributing countries; 49. Calls on troop- and police-contributing countries to fully and effectively implement the provisions of the Memoranda of Understanding (MoU) signed with the United Nations as well as to declare all nationals caveats; 50. Recalls its resolutions 2378 (2017) and 2436 (2018), and in particular the requests to the Secretary-General related to the use of peacekeeping performance data contained in these resolutions; 51. Welcomes the initiatives undertaken by the Secretary-General to standardize a culture of performance in UN peacekeeping, reaffirms its support for the development of a comprehensive and integrated performance policy framework that identifies clear standards of performance for evaluating all United Nations civilian and uniformed personnel working in and supporting peacekeeping operations that facilitates effective and full implementation of mandates, and includes comprehensive and objective methodologies based on clear and well-defined benchmarks to ensure accountability for underperformance and incentives and recognition for outstanding performance, and calls on him to apply it to MINUSMA; 52. Calls upon Member States, especially those in the region, to ensure the free, unhindered and expeditious movement to and from Mali of all personnel, as well as equipment, provisions, supplies and other goods, which are for the exclusive and official use of MINUSMA, in order to facilitate the timely and cost-effective delivery of the logistical supply of MINUSMA, and in this regard, and requests the SecretaryGeneral to take all necessary measures to facilitate the logistical supply of MINUSMA and to consolidate supply routes, including through using alternative routes;
Obligations under international law, human rights policy and related aspects 53. Urges the Malian authorities to ensure that all those responsible for crimes involving violations and abuses of human rights and violations of international humanitarian law, including those involving sexual and gender-based violence, are held accountable and brought to justice without undue delay, and notes, in this regard, the Malian authorities’ continued cooperation with the ICC, in accordance with Mali’s obligations under the Rome Statute, in matters that are within its jurisdiction; 54. Urges all parties to comply with obligations under international humanitarian law to respect and protect humanitarian and medical personnel, facilities and relief consignments, and take all required steps to allow and facilitate the full, safe, immediate and unimpeded access of humanitarian actors for the delivery
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of humanitarian assistance to all people in need, while respecting the United Nations humanitarian guiding principles and applicable international law; 55. Reiterates that the Malian authorities have primary responsibility to protect civilians in Mali, recalls its past resolutions on the Protection of civilians in armed conflicts, Children and armed conflicts, and Women, peace and security, calls upon MINUSMA and all military forces operating in Mali to take them into account and to abide by international humanitarian, human rights and refugee law, and recalls the importance of training in this regard; 56. Welcomes the adoption by the Malian authorities of a third action plan to implement resolution 1325 (2000), and requests MINUSMA to take fully into account gender considerations as a cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the Malian authorities in ensuring the full, effective and meaningful participation, involvement and representation of women at all levels in the implementation of the Agreement, including the security sector reform and disarmament, demobilization and reintegration processes, as well as in reconciliation and electoral processes; 57. Urges all parties to implement the conclusions on Children And Armed Conflict in Mali adopted by the Security Council working group on 19 June 2018, encourages the Government of Mali to continue its efforts to strengthen the legal framework on child protection, notes the endorsement by the Government of Mali of the Safe Schools Declaration and encourages a mapping of schools that have been closed, targeted or threatened, calls upon the Government of Mali to ensure that the protection of children’s rights is taken into account in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration processes and in security sector reform, urges all armed groups to establish and implement action plans to end and prevent all six grave violations against children, as identified by the Secretary-General, including the recruitment and use of children and sexual violence against children, and requests MINUSMA to take fully into account child protection as a cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate; 58. Urges all parties to prevent and eliminate sexual violence in conflict and post-conflict situations, encourages the implementation of the Joint Communiqué on sexual and gender-based violence signed by the United Nations and the Government of Mali in March 2019, further encourages Malian authorities to continue to take steps towards the enactment of the draft law on prevention, prosecution and response to gender-based violence, calls upon the Plateforme armed group to implement the commitments contained in its Communiqué sur la prévention des violences sexuelles liées au conflit au Mali of June 2016 and upon the Coordination armed group to make similar commitments, and requests MINUSMA to support efforts in this regard; 59. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure full compliance of MINUSMA with the United Nations zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to keep the Council fully informed if such cases of misconduct occur, and urges troop- and police-contributing countries to take appropriate preventative action, including predeployment awareness training, and to ensure full accountability in cases of such conduct involving their personnel; 60. Remains seriously concerned over the significant ongoing food and humanitarian crisis in Mali, and over the insecurity which hinders humanitarian access, and calls on Member States and international and regional organizations to respond swiftly to the humanitarian appeal through increased contributions;
Environmental issues 61. Requests MINUSMA to consider the environmental impacts of its operations when fulfilling its mandated tasks and, in this context, to manage them as
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appropriate and in accordance with applicable and relevant General Assembly resolutions and United Nations rules and regulations;
Small arms, light weapons and explosive ordnance threat mitigation 62. Calls upon the Malian authorities to address the issue of the proliferation and illicit trafficking of small arms and light weapons, including by ensuring the safe and effective management, storage and security of their stockpiles and ammunitions in accordance with the ECOWAS Convention on small arms and light weapons, their ammunition and other related materials, the United Nations Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons and with resolution 2220 (2015); 63. Calls upon the Malian authorities to strengthen cooperation with the United Nations, regional and sub-regional organizations, civil society, and private sector in order to give the most appropriate response to explosive ordnance threat;
Reports by the Secretary-General 64. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Security Council every three months after the adoption of this resolution on the implementation of this resolution, focusing: (i) on progress in the implementation of the Agreement and in the development and implementation of a comprehensive politically-led strategy to re-establish State presence, State authority and basic social services, to protect civilians and to reduce intercommunal violence in Central Mali, as well as on MINUSMA’s efforts to support these objectives; (ii) on coordination, exchange of information and, when applicable, mutual operational and logistical support, between MINUSMA, the MDSF, the FCG5S, the French Forces and the European Union missions in Mali; 65. Further requests the Secretary-General, addressing perspectives from all relevant actors, including the SRSG, in consultation with the Force Commander, to provide every six months the Security Council with a letter exclusively and thoroughly focusing on: (i) information on security challenges in Mali, progress in mission operations, troop performance and rotations, as well as an update on discussions in the Instance de Coordination au Mali on the coordination of security responsibilities as outlined in paragraph 32 above; (ii) an update on the implementation of the integrated strategic framework referred to above, encouraging that this integrated strategic framework also includes a transition plan with a view to handing over relevant tasks to the UNCT based on their mandates and comparative advantages as well as on a mapping of capabilities and gaps, a resource mobilization strategy that involves the full range of multilateral and bilateral partners, as well as a possible longterm exit strategy of the Mission on the basis of improved security and political conditions as well as of progress in the implementation of the Agreement; 66. Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.