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Abstract

Resolution 2743 (2024)
Adopted by the Security Council at its 9684th meeting, on 12 July 2024
The Security Council,
Recalling all its previous resolutions on Haiti, including resolutions 2645 (2022), 2653 (2022), and 2692 (2023),
Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and unity of Haiti,
Recalling in particular its resolution 2476 (2019), which established the United Nations Integrated Office in Haiti (BINUH) beginning on 16 October 2019 based on the report of the Secretary-General of 1 March 2019 (document S/2019/198),
Recalling its resolution 2653 (2022), which established sanctions measures in response to the threat to international peace and security in the region posed by the high levels of gang violence and other criminal activities, as well as of illicit arms and financial flows, and further recalling resolution 2700 (2023), which renewed the sanctions regime on Haiti, consisting of a travel ban, an assets freeze and an arms embargo, and further recalling resolution 2664 (2022) which supersedes the asset freeze exception set forth in paragraph 10 of resolution 2653,
Recalling its resolution 2699 (2023) which, acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, authorizes Member States that have notified the Secretary-General of their participation to form and deploy a Multinational Security Support (MSS) mission to Haiti to support the efforts of the Haitian National Police to reestablish security in Haiti, in strict compliance with international law, including, international human rights law, as applicable, and build security conditions conducive to holding free and fair elections,
Condemning in the strongest terms the increasing violence, criminal activities, mass displacement of civilians, and human rights abuses and violations which undermine the peace, stability and security of Haiti and the region, including kidnappings, sexual and gender-based violence, trafficking in persons and the smuggling of migrants, homicides, extrajudicial killings and abduction and recruitment of children by armed gangs and criminal networks, and expressing deep concern on the impact of transnational organized crime dynamics on the security situation of Haiti, including with regard to arms and ammunition trafficking and drug trafficking,
Stressing that it is the primary responsibility of the Government of Haiti to address root causes of instability and inequality, to respect, promote, and protect all human rights, and to engage with other stakeholders, including civil society, youth, and the private sector, to deliver durable solutions to Haiti’s immediate and long-term challenges, and ensuring the full, equal, meaningful, and safe participation of women,
Stressing that addressing the root causes of instability in Haiti requires political solutions, and in this regard further emphasizing the urgent need to encourage wider participation and forge the broadest possible consensus in the political process, with a view to holding free and fair elections that are credible and restoring democratic institutions,
Welcoming the establishment of the transitional governance arrangement in Haiti, in keeping with the CARICOM Declaration of 11 March 2024, and the subsequent establishment of the Transitional Presidential Council and inauguration of the interim Prime Minister and his Cabinet,
Commending the Haitian National Police for continuing to perform their duties and secure critical infrastructure, and taking note of the arrival of the first contingent of the deployment of the Multinational Security Support (MSS) mission to support the efforts of the Haitian National Police (HNP) to reestablish security in Haiti, and build security conditions conducive to the holding of free and fair elections,
Reaffirming the importance of the rule of law, human rights, and restoring efficient judicial institutions in order to strengthen the fight against impunity, noting the need for technical assistance and support for capacity building by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) to the Haitian judiciary, security forces, and prison administration, in collaboration with the BINUH and reiterating its condemnation in the strongest terms of the assassination of the President of Haiti Jovenel Moïse on 7 July 2021, and urging the Government of Haiti to enhance its effort to hold the perpetrators accountable in a timely manner and consistently with international human rights law,
Reiterating the importance of BINUH’s good offices role for a transparent Haitian-led and Haitian-owned political process leading to free and fair elections, including but not limited to supporting an inclusive inter-Haitian dialogue, engaging with all sectors of Haitian society, including communities living in areas controlled by gangs, and advocating for broad political participation, including by women and youth, and the transition timeline agreed to by Haitian stakeholders,
Expressing grave concern at the use of sexual and gender-based violence perpetrated by gang members,
Noting with deep concern the ongoing and deteriorating political, economic, security, human rights, humanitarian and acute food insecurity and nutrition crises in Haiti, restrictions on humanitarian access and reaffirming the commitment of the international community to continue to support the people of Haiti,
Recognizing that natural disasters, including hurricanes, earthquakes and floods, and other weather events associated with the adverse effects of climate change, among other factors, can adversely impact food security, water scarcity and the humanitarian situation in Haiti, and may aggravate any existing instability, and expressing concern that gang violence and other criminal activities, among other factors, might hinder disaster risk reduction, preparedness and resilience-building measures aimed at addressing these events,
Recalling the importance of ensuring the protection of children and taking appropriate measures in this regard, in line with relevant Security Council resolutions, and expressing concern about the gravity and alarming number of reported grave violations against children, and welcoming of the signing of a handover protocol in January 2024 between the Government and the United Nations for the transfer of children allegedly associated with armed gangs to civilian child protection actors,
Urging the Haitian authorities to reduce violence in a comprehensive and urgent manner, including through strengthened rule of law, socio-economic measures, violence reduction programs, including specific programs focused on sexual and gender based violence, child protection measures, weapons and ammunition management, and bolstering national accountability and protection mechanisms, as well as through any initiatives to assist the functioning of the judiciary, and to restore efficient judicial institutions,
Strongly condemning and expressing deep concern over the gravity and numbers of violations and abuses committed against children in Haiti; and urging all actors, especially gangs and criminal networks, to immediately end and prevent all violations and abuses against children, including those involving killing and maiming, recruitment and use, rape and other forms of sexual and gender-based violence, particularly against girls, attacks on schools and hospitals, abduction, and denial of humanitarian access,
Expressing grave concern at the continued flow of illicit arms and ammunition into Haiti, reiterating the strong correlation between the illicit trafficking of arms and ammunition to Haiti and the expansion of territorial control by gangs, the extreme levels of armed violence, including sexual and gender based violence, that leads to the deteriorating security situation and therefore reiterating the urgent need to prohibit the transfer of arms and related materiel of all types to non-State actors engaged in or supporting gang violence, criminal activities, or human rights abuses in Haiti; as well as to prevent their illicit trafficking and diversion,
Recalling the signing by the Government of Haiti of the National Action Plan to implement the Roadmap for Implementing the Caribbean Priority Actions on the Illicit Proliferation of Firearms and Ammunition across the Caribbean in a Sustainable Manner by 2030, in an effort to address the proliferation of illicit weapons and ammunition, and reiterating its call upon the Government of Haiti to swiftly implement the National Action Plan,
Reiterating the urgent need to address the challenge of illicit financial flows to Haiti enabling armed gangs to operate and posing a growing threat to the country’s stability, including by prioritizing severing links between political and economic actors and gangs,
Reiterating its support for the Basket Fund for security assistance for Haiti developed with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and encouraging BINUH to play a coordination role with regard to external security assistance to Haiti that is provided through this fund,
Recognizing the key role of neighbouring countries, regional and subregional organizations such as the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), and other international partners, and calling on the international community to remain committed to Haiti’s efforts in overcoming the ongoing political stalemate and security situation, welcoming further efforts from member states to augment training, mentor, and improve the operational capacity of the HNP as well as encouraging the support and financing of activities to address Haiti’s humanitarian, stabilization, reconstruction, disaster risk reduction, reintegration and resilience, and sustainable development challenges, including in the agricultural, industrial, and education sectors,
Deploring the disruption of education and economic opportunities for youth, and acknowledging the need for appropriate measures to ensure physical and psychological recovery, assistance, including legal assistance and social reintegration of young survivors while ensuring that the specific needs of girls and boys as well as children with disabilities are addressed, including access to health care, psychosocial support, and education programmes that contribute to the well-being of children and to sustainable peace and security, reaffirms the need to enhance international assistance to provide access to education and skills development such as vocational training, and further stresses the central and constructive role youth can play in the prevention and resolution of conflict,
Emphasizing the need to address the loss of livelihoods, food security and nutrition, health security, internal displacement, and access to social infrastructure and further emphasizing that progress in the recovery, reconstruction, and resilience – building of Haiti is crucial to achieving lasting stability, security and socio-economic development, and in this regard acknowledging the multiagency collaboration to this end, and the necessity to address the most immediate humanitarian needs,
Taking note of the significant deterioration in the security context as a result of political instability and accompanying gang violence challenging state authority in the metropolitan areas of Port-au-Prince, and its extension to neighboring departments, and its impact on the operating environment for BINUH and condemning in the strongest terms the violence carried out by the armed gangs,
Emphasizing the Security Council’s role in placing and enhancing sanctions on individuals and entities responsible for or complicit in actions that threaten the peace, security or stability of Haiti, also emphasizing BINUH’s role in raising awareness about the existence and applicability of the territorial arms embargo on Haiti in accordance with resolution 2653 (2022) and 2700 (2023),
Noting with concern, the 2653 Sanctions Committee Panel of Experts repeated reports that despite the imposition of the territorial arms embargo in October 2023 pursuant to resolutions 2699 (2023) and 2700 (2023), gangs and other non-state actors continue to procure arms and ammunition unlawfully, in part due to a lack of awareness of the provisions of the arms embargo among those institutions meant to enforce the embargo,
Taking note of the extended disruption to commercial air traffic and the roadblocks at major roadways that severely constrained access to the country and capital city, increased the security risks to BINUH personnel, severely limited the mobility of BINUH personnel into and out of the duty station, and resulted in a temporary reduction in the international presence in Port-au-Prince,
Underscoring the need for strengthened capacity and effectiveness of to the Haitian National Police, including in re-opening police stations damaged or rendered non-operational as a result of gang violence, to extend state authority and provide continuous police presence in all communities,
1. Decides to extend, to 15 July 2025 the mandate of BINUH in accordance with its resolution 2476 (2019), headed by a Special Representative of the Secretary‑General of the United Nations, and the reporting requirements as specified in paragraph 1 of resolution 2645 (2022);
2. Reiterates the need for all Haitian stakeholders, including with BINUH’s support, to continue to advance a Haitian-led, Haitian-owned political process towards the holding of free and fair legislative and presidential elections, and with the full, equal, meaningful, and safe participation of women and the engagement of youth, civil society, and other relevant stakeholders through an inclusive inter-Haitian national dialogue, requests all Haitian stakeholders to urgently establish a Provisional Electoral Council, and reach an agreement on a sustainable, time-bound and commonly accepted roadmap for elections, and in this regard requests the government
of Haiti to provide an update to the Council within 90 days on relevant progress and roadmap;
3. Calls on BINUH to develop a strategy in consultation with the government of Haiti on how it will continue to support a Haitian-led and Haitian-owned political process through its good offices role and to complement the efforts of neighbouring countries, regional and subregional organizations such as CARICOM, with the aim of promptly restoring democratic institutions and fostering participation of all sectors of Haitian society, including civil society, and supporting Haitian electoral authorities in advancing a political transition and update the Security Council on this strategy and its implementation in its quarterly reports through the Secretary-General;
4. Reiterates that BINUH’s police and corrections unit shall continue to comprise up to 70 civilian and seconded personnel to serve as police and corrections advisors to scale up its strategic and advisory-support to the training and investigation capacities of the Haitian National Police and recalls paragraph 2 of resolution 2645 (2022), which decides that BINUH’s human rights unit will include dedicated capacity to address sexual and gender-based violence including the identification of women’s protection advisers, and notes that this decision is in line with the United Nations Development Cooperation Framework;
5. Notes the challenges for BINUH in security, and urges the Haitian authorities to ensure necessary protection for UN personnel, and stresses the need to create necessary conditions for BINUH to resume its full presence and mandated capacity in Haiti for the execution of its mandate;
6. Reaffirms support for the effective implementation of BINUH’s mandate and encourages BINUH, while maintaining its focus on supporting a Haitian-led and Haitian-owned political process towards the holding of free and fair elections, to continue to implement key tasks for which BINUH already holds a mandate, including in the areas of advisory support to the Haitian National Police, including training on anti-gang tactics, human rights compliance and reporting, and community engagement strategies and including through field visits to departments outside Port-au-Prince if needed, avoiding any duplication of international efforts, good governance, community violence reduction, justice, including by providing support to public prosecutors’ offices and courts to improve the ability of national authorities to investigate, prosecute and adjudicate serious crimes, accountability, and human rights monitoring and reporting to advance disarmament, demobilization, dismantlement of gangs, and reintegration of gang members through non-military approaches, combating illicit arms and financial flows and border and ports management, and strengthen engagement with communities that have borne the brunt of gang violence, as security conditions permit and within its existing resources and capacity;
7. Emphasizes the need for necessary coordination among BINUH as the primary focal point for relevant UN agencies in Haiti, the MSS mission, Haitian authorities, and other international and regional partners, to ensure complementarity and avoid duplication of efforts, and to optimize international support for the Haitian National Police, reiterating the request in resolution 2699 (2023) to the MSS mission to cooperate with BINUH and relevant UN agencies, including but not limited to UNODC and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, to support the efforts of the Haitian National Police to re-establish security in Haiti, including efforts by the Haitian National police to combat illicit trafficking and diversion of arms and related materiel and to enhance management and control of borders and ports;
8. Reiterates its support to the Basket Fund for security assistance for Haiti developed with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and BINUH;
9. Emphasizes the importance of coordination between BINUH and relevant UN agencies with regard to external security assistance to Haiti, recalling the need to implement the United Nations Human Rights Due Diligence Policy on support for Non-United Nations Security Forces;
10. Reiterates the need for BINUH to take fully into account child protection as a cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the authorities, including the Haitian National Police, in the protection of children including through dedicated child-protection capacity;
11. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to monitor and report on violations and abuses affecting children in Haiti, encouraging the Secretary-General to utilize existing tools to this end, including in the annual reports on children and armed conflict, pursuant to Resolutions 1379 (2001), 1882(2009), 1998 (2011) and 2225 (2015);
12. Encourages BINUH to ensure that gender equality issues are addressed as a cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate, including by supporting women’s political participation and attention to sexual and gender-based violence, and the implementation of Haiti’s National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security, and strengthen the inclusion of women’s civil society organisations in peacebuilding and humanitarian action;
13. Encourages BINUH, in close cooperation with relevant United Nations agencies, regional organizations, subregional organizations, and international financial institutions, to explore options to enhance the Haitian criminal justice sector in order to fight impunity and foster accountability;
14. Calls upon BINUH to support the Haitian Government to develop and implement a strategic communications plan including to counter misinformation and disinformation regarding the work of state institutions and the political process, within its existing resources and capacity;
15. Encourages BINUH, within its existing resources and capacity, in collaboration with the Sanctions Committee and other relevant entities to assist the Haitian authorities in raising awareness of the reporting mechanisms for potential violations of sanctions by sharing the detailed provisions of the territorial arms embargo, as outlined in paragraph 14 of resolution 2699 (2023), with the leadership of all relevant national institutions involved in its enforcement;
16. Strongly urges Member States, to implement the territorial arms embargo as set out in resolution 2699 (2023) and 2700 (2023) without delay to prohibit the supply, sale, or transfer of small arms, light weapons, and ammunition to non-State actors engaged in or supporting gang violence, criminal activities, or human rights abuses in Haiti, such as sexual and gender-based violence, as well as to take all appropriate steps to prevent their illicit trafficking and diversion, and expresses its readiness to take further appropriate measures in this regard as soon as possible, including the renewal of the measures imposed under resolutions 2653 (2022) and 2700 (2023);
17. Demands cooperation between Member States to prevent illicit arms trafficking and diversion, including through inspecting cargo to Haiti, in their territory, as necessary and in a manner consistent with national and international law, and through providing and exchanging timely and up to date information in order to identify and combat illicit trafficking sources and supply chains;
18. Requests BINUH to cooperate with the Sanctions Committee established pursuant to resolution 2653 (2022) and its Panel of Experts in order to facilitate the Panel’s work;
19. Requests BINUH to work with UNODC and other relevant UN agencies to support Haitian authorities in combating illicit trafficking and diversion of arms and related materiel as well as illicit financial flows and in enhancing management and control of borders and ports and to include the progress of relevant work in the Secretary-General’s regular report to the Security Council, and further commends the quarterly report of UNODC to the Security Council, concurrent with the reporting cycle of BINUH, through the Secretary-General, and in this regard reiterates its request to UNODC to continue its quarterly update which shall continue to focus on sources and routes of illicit arms and financial flows, relevant UN activities and recommendations;
20. Reiterates the importance of the engagement of UNODC and other relevant UN agencies in support of efforts against armed gangs, to enhance port security, to improve customs revenue collections, and to curtail illicit financial flows, and further emphasizes the need and importance of securing voluntary funding in support of these efforts;
21. Requests BINUH to provide available information on cases of gang violence, criminal activities and human rights abuses and violations, including sexual and gender-based violence, in Haiti, collected in carrying out BINUH’s mandate, as an annex to the Secretary-General’s report to the Security Council;
22. Encourages continued close collaboration and enhanced coordination between BINUH, the United Nations Country Team in Haiti, the MSS mission, regional organizations and subregional organizations and international financial institutions with a view to scaling up humanitarian support and helping the government of Haiti to take responsibility to realize the long-term stability, sustainable development, food security, disaster risk reduction, preparedness and resilience-building and economic self-sufficiency of the country and further encourages enhanced public strategic communication regarding BINUH’s mandate and specific role;
23. Emphasizes the importance of allowing and facilitating full, safe, rapid and unhindered humanitarian access and providing essential services to all people in need, and the full protection, safety and ensuring security of medical and humanitarian personnel and assets;
24. Urges all relevant actors including those with the ability to influence armed gangs, to act to stop the blocking of roads required for the supplying of and access to local markets and the damaging of sources of food, including crops and livestock, as well as medical and humanitarian supplies;
25. Encourages Member States, including countries in the region, to provide security support to the Haitian National Police in response to the appeal of Haiti and the Secretary-General, emphasizes the need for significant additional efforts to fulfill the budgetary and operational needs of the MSS mission, and in this regard further encourages Member States and regional organizations to provide voluntary contributions and support to the MSS mission in the form of financial, personnel, and in-kind commitments and requests the UN Secretariat to assist Member States which have made pledges to the Trust Fund in delivering their pledges;
26. Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.