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Abstract

Resolution 2676 (2023)
Adopted by the Security Council at its 9278th meeting, on 8 March 2023
The Security Council,
Recalling its previous resolutions concerning Sudan, in particular 1591 (2005), 1651 (2005), 1665 (2006), 1672 (2006), 1713 (2006), 1779 (2007), 1841 (2008), 1891 (2009), 1945 (2010), 1982 (2011), 2035 (2012), 2091 (2013), 2138 (2014), 2200 (2015), 2265 (2016), 2340 (2017), 2400 (2018), 2455 (2019), 2508 (2020), 2562 (2021), and 2620 (2022), supplemented by 2664 (2022), its Presidential Statement of 11 December 2018 (S/PRST/2018/19), and its press statements,
Recalling the signing of the Juba Peace Agreement (JPA) in Juba on 3 October 2020 by the Government of Sudan, the Sudan Revolutionary Front and the Sudan Liberation Movement-Minni Minawi, which represents a significant opportunity for comprehensive and sustainable peace in Sudan and an important milestone towards a peaceful, stable, democratic and prosperous future for Sudan,
Encouraging the signatories of the peace agreement to accelerate the process of full implementation, noting that the peace agreement provides for a specific role for the United Nations in supporting the implementation of its provisions,
Urging those who have yet to join the peace process with the Government of Sudan to do so immediately, constructively and without pre-conditions in order to conclude swiftly negotiations on a comprehensive peace agreement, and calling upon all international actors to continue encouraging non-participatory parties in this regard,
Reaffirming the primary responsibility of the Government of Sudan to protect civilians across its territory, and acknowledging in this regard the Government of Sudan’s National Plan for Civilian Protection (S/2020/429) and the weapons-collection programme,
Welcoming the establishment of sectoral committees, the permanent ceasefire committee (PCC), the joint high military committee for security arrangements, and the graduation of the first cohort of the Security Keeping Force in Darfur, taking note of the renewal of ceasefire throughout the Republic of the Sudan on all fronts and for all groups, expressing concern about the worsening humanitarian situation in Darfur and the deteriorating security situation in areas of Darfur, including as a result of increased inter-communal violence and the increasing proliferation of weapons and ammunition, and underscoring the need to intensify peacebuilding efforts in Darfur, avoid a relapse into conflict and mitigate the risks for the population posed inter alia by threats against civilians in Darfur, inter-communal violence, proliferation and misuse of small arms and light weapons, human rights violations and abuses, including sexual and gender-based violence, violations of international humanitarian law and continued displacement,
Noting with concern reports by the Panel of Experts on the Sudan that armed actors are engaged in aggressive recruitment campaigns, and encouraging the Government of Sudan to take further steps to accelerate the process of full implementation of the JPA, including by establishing the Darfur regional disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) commission with branch offices in the five states of Darfur, beginning expedited DDR per the JPA, expanding support to the PCC, and operationalizing the Joint Specialized Technical Committee,
Welcoming the signing of the Sudan Political Framework Agreement on 5 December 2022 as an essential step towards the forming of a civilian-led government and defining constitutional arrangements to guide Sudan through a transitional period culminating in elections, commending the trilateral mechanism of the United Nations Integrated Transition Assistance Mission in the Sudan (UNITAMS), AU and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), for supporting Sudanese efforts to restore a lasting, inclusive and democratic political settlement in Sudan, calling upon all stakeholders to reaffirm their commitment to Sudan’s transition in order for the aspirations of the Sudanese people for an inclusive, peaceful, stable, democratic, and prosperous future to be realised, and reaffirming its readiness to support Sudan in this regard,
Encouraging JPA signatories and other political opposition from Darfur who have yet to join the Sudan Political Framework Agreement to do so constructively,
Stressing the need for the Government of Sudan to ensure accountability for human rights violations and abuses and violations of international humanitarian law, and welcoming the provisions of the Sudan Political Framework Agreement that commit the government to a comprehensive programme to achieve transitional justice and accountability measures in this regard,
Recalling the final report of the Sudan Panel of Experts (S/2023/93),
Taking note of the Secretary-General’s report of 31 July 2021 (S/2021/696), as requested in paragraph 5 of its resolution 2562 (2021), providing a review of the situation in Darfur and benchmarks to assess the measures on Darfur,
Underscoring that the measures recalled in paragraph 1 to respond to the situation in Darfur are not targeted towards the Government of Sudan,
Determining that the situation in Sudan continues to constitute a threat to international peace and security in the region,
Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
1. Recalls the measures imposed by paragraphs 7 and 8 of resolution 1556 (2004), as modified by paragraph 7 of resolution 1591 (2005), and paragraph 4 of resolution 2035 (2012), the listing criteria and measures imposed by subparagraphs (c), (d) and (e) of paragraph 3 of resolution 1591 (2005), as modified by paragraph 3 of resolution 2035 (2012), and the provisions of subparagraph (f), (g) of paragraph 3 of resolution 1591 (2005), paragraph 9 of resolution 1556 (2004), and paragraph 4 of resolution 2035 (2012), and decides to reaffirm and renew these measures until 12 September 2024, and to make a decision regarding their further renewal no later than 12 September 2024;
2. Decides to extend until 12 March 2024 the mandate of the Panel of Experts originally appointed pursuant to resolution 1591 (2005) and previously extended by resolutions 1779 (2007), 1841 (2008), 1945 (2010), 2035 (2012), 2138 (2014), 2200 (2015), 2265 (2016), 2340 (2017), 2400 (2018), 2455 (2019), 2508 (2020), 2562 (2021), and 2620 (2022), reaffirms the mandate of the Panel of Experts’ as established in resolutions 1591 (2005), 1779 (2007), 1841 (2008), 1945 (2010), 2035 (2012), 2138 (2014), 2200 (2015), 2265 (2016), 2340 (2017), 2400 (2018), 2455 (2019), 2508 (2020), 2562 (2021), and 2620 (2022), and requests the Panel of Experts to provide the Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 1591 (2005) concerning the Sudan (hereafter “the Committee”) with an interim report on its activities no later than 12 August 2023, and provide to the Council, after discussion with the Committee, a final report by 13 January 2024 with its findings and recommendations, and further requests the Panel of Experts to provide updates every three months to the Committee regarding its activities, including Panel travel, and the implementation and effectiveness of paragraph 10 of resolution 1945 (2010), and expresses its intention to review the mandate and take appropriate action regarding the further extension of the mandate no later than 12 February 2024;
3. Recalls paragraph 3(a) (v) of Security Council resolution 1591 (2005) and requests the Government of Sudan to submit requests for the Committee’s consideration and, where appropriate, prior approval for the movement of military equipment and supplies into the Darfur region, particularly in the context of the implementation of the Juba Peace Agreement, in accordance with paragraph 7 of resolution 1591 (2005), as clarified and updated in paragraph 8 of resolution 1945 (2010) and paragraph 4 of resolution 2035 (2012);
4. Expresses its intention to review the measures renewed in paragraph 1 no later than 12 February 2024, through inter alia modification, suspension, or progressive lifting of these measures, in the light of progress achieved by the Government of Sudan on benchmarks 2 and 3 and related targets as outlined in section IV of the Secretary-General’s report of 31 July 2021 (S/2021/696), in light of the upcoming interim report by the Panel of Experts due by 12 August 2023 as well as the final report by the Panel of Experts due by 13 January 2024, and taking into account relevant Security Council resolutions;
5. Requests in this regard the Secretary-General, in close coordination with the Panel of Experts, to conduct, no later than 1 December 2023, an assessment of progress achieved on the key benchmarks established in the paragraph above, and requests the Government of Sudan to report, no later than 1 December 2023, to the Committee on the progress achieved on the key benchmarks established in the paragraph above;
6. Decides to remain seized of the matter.